Topics tagged with gdb1

BIO601 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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Total Marks 5
Starting Date Monday, January 27, 2020
Closing Date Tuesday, January 28, 2020
Status Open
Question Title Discuss Microarray and applications of microarray.
Question Description

Discussion Question:

Discuss Microarray and applications of microarray.

Important Instructions:

Your discussion must be based on logical facts.
Your comments on the topic should not exceed 200-250 words.
The GDB will remain open for 2 working days/ 48hours.
Do not copy or exchange your answer with other students. Two identical / copied comments will be marked Zero (0) and may damage your grade in the course.
Obnoxious or ignoble answer should be strictly avoided.
Questions / queries related to the content of the GDB, which may be posted by the students on MDB or via e-mail, will not be replied till the due date of GDB is over.

For Detailed Instructions please see the GDB Announcement.

CS506 Gdb1 Solution and discussion

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Thanks for shairing

CS403 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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@zareen said in CS403 GDB1 Solution and discussion: Now would you normalize the database or keep your database in de-normalized form. Although, denormalized schema can greatly improve performance under extreme read-loads but the updates and inserts become complex as the data is duplicate and hence has to be updated/inserted in more than one places. One clean way to go about solving this problem is through the use of triggers. For example in our case where the %(red)[orders] table has the %(red)[product_name] column as well, when the value of %(red)[product_name] has to be updated, then it can simply be done in the following way: Have a trigger setup on the %(red)[products] table that updates the %(red)[product_name] on any update to the %(red)[products] table. Execute the update query on the %(red)[products] table. The data would automatically be updated in the %(red)[orders] table because of the trigger. However, when de-normalizing the schema, do take into consideration, the number of times you would be updating records compared to the number of times you would be executing SELECTs. When mixing normalization and de-normalization, focus on de-normalizing tables that are read intensive, while tables that are write intensive keep them normalized. link text

CS302 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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The large energy cost of memory fetches limits the overallefficiency of applications no matter how efficient the ac-celerators are on the chip. As a result the most importantoptimization must be done at the algorithm level, to reduce off-chip memory accesses, to createDark Memory. The algorithmsmust first be (re)written for both locality and parallelism beforeyou tailor the hardware to accelerate them.Using Pareto curves in theenergy/opandmm2/(op/s)spaceallows one to quickly evaluate different accelerators, memorysystems, and even algorithms to understand the trade-offsbetween performance, power and die area. This analysis isa powerful way to optimize chips in the Dark Silicon era.

CS204 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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Actually, it’s difficult to compare the cryptographic strengths of symmetric and asymmetric key encryptions. Even though asymmetric key lengths are generally much longer (e.g. 1024 and 2048) than symmetric key lengths (e.g. 128 and 256), it doesn’t, for example, necessarily follow that a file encrypted with a 2048-bit RSA key (an asymmetric key) is already tougher to crack than a file encrypted with a 256-bit AES key (a symmetric key). Instead, it would be more appropriate to compare asymmetric and symmetric encryptions on the basis of two properties: Their computational requirements, and Their ease of distribution Symmetric key encryption doesn’t require as many CPU cycles as asymmetric key encryption, so you can say it’s generally faster. Thus, when it comes to speed, symmetric trumps asymmetric. However, symmetric keys have a major disadvantage especially if you’re going to use them for securing file transfers. Because the same key has to be used for encryption and decryption, you will need to find a way to get the key to your recipient if he doesn’t have it yet. Otherwise, your recipient won’t be able to decrypt the files you send him. However way you do it, it has to be done in a secure manner or else anyone who gets a hold of that key can simply intercept your encrypted file and decrypt it with the key. The issue of key distribution becomes even more pronounced in a file transfer environment, which can involve a large number of users and likely distributed over a vast geographical area. Some users, most of whom you may never have met, might even be located halfway around the world. Distributing a symmetric key in a secure manner to each of these users would be nearly impossible. Asymmetric key encryption doesn’t have this problem. For as long as you keep your private key secret, no one would be able to decrypt your encrypted file. So you can easily distribute the corresponding public key without worrying about who gets a hold of it (well, actually, there are spoofing attacks on public keys but that’s for another story). Anyone who holds a copy of that public key can encrypt a file prior to uploading to your server. Then once the file gets uploaded, you can decrypt it with your private key.

CS202 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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@zareen said in CS202 GDB1 Solution and discussion: Use AJAX AJAX is a technique for creating fast and dynamic web pages. AJAX allows web pages to be updated asynchronously by exchanging small amounts of data with the server behind the scenes. This means that it is possible to update parts of a web page, without reloading the whole page.

BT504 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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A nanopore is a nano-scale hole. In its devices, Oxford Nanopore passes an ionic current through nanopores and measures the changes in current as biological molecules pass through the nanopore or near it. The information about the change in current can be used to identify that molecule. Holes can be created by proteins puncturing membranes (biological nanopores) or in solid materials (solid-state nanopores).

BIO601 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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Methods for Protein Analysis Protein Separation Methods Western Blotting Protein Identification Methods 3A. Edman degradation 3B. Mass spectrometry However, and perhaps remarkably, if as shown above we digest samples of ourprotein with as few as two or three different endoproteases with different specificities, we can usually use the resulting digestion patterns (again, analyzedby mass spectrometry to provide highly accurate determination of the fragmentmolecular weights) to produce a unique identification of our unknown protein:Again, mass spectrometry is uniquely well-suited for such analyses because itcan yield very accurate determinations of molecular weights from very even verysmall amounts of fragments resulting from the digestion of a particular protein.Techniques have now been developed by which proteins separated in two-dimensional gels can be digested within the gels and then injected directly into amass spectrometer for analysis of the resulting fragments.

BIO204 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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Freeze drying Freeze drying (lyophilization) is a dehydration process which allows water to sublimate directly from solid phase to vapour phase at and below the freezing temperature of the material. Sub-atmospheric pressure (< 40 Pa) is maintained in most freeze-drying operations and the condensed water is immediately removed (Pikal, 2007). Freeze drying has been for decades one of the most preferred preservation methods for culture collection maintenance (Morgan et al., 2006). Due to high viability losses, an initial bacterial load of greater than 107 viable cells/mL has been recommended to ensure sufficient cells survive the freeze-drying process, thereby giving better success in storage, reconstitution and propagation (Bozoglu et al., 1987). At commercial scale, operational and capital costs of freeze drying are very high. The freeze-drying process operates in batch mode and requires long drying times and large drying units to achieve mass production. Even so, freeze drying is currently the only drying method used at commercial scale for production of starter cultures intended for use as primary acid producers in dairy fermentations. It is reported that the majority of bacterial death occurring during freeze drying happens during the freezing stage before the drying (sublimation) process commences. A slow freezing rate leads to higher bacterial death in the subsequent sublimation stage (Uzunova-Doneva and Donev, 2002). Rapid freezing, with formation of smaller ice crystals, favours better bacterial survival. On the other hand, formation of large ice crystals during slow freezing causes structural and physiological injury to the bacterial cells and causes damage to cell membranes that cannot be repaired upon subsequent drying or rehydration (Gardiner et al., 2000). Many studies have exploited the addition of ‘protectant’ substances to enhance survival, and have investigated the use of low-cost food ingredients as protectants rather than substances such as glycine betaine (Cleland et al., 2004). Recent examples include work by Jagannath et al. (2010), who studied the survival of various probiotic bacteria after freeze drying. The survival obtained ranged from 67% to 70% depending on bacterial species. Zamora et al. (2006) compared the survival of twelve strains of lactic acid bacteria after freeze drying and reported a range from 3.3% to 100% depending on the bacterial type and protectant type used. For example, the survival of four strains of Lactococcus garviae was reported to be 100% when non-fat skim milk was used as the protectant (Zamora et al., 2006). Reddy et al. (2009) studied survival of three probiotic lactic acid bacteria with eleven different protectants (at various solids concentrations), and suggested that these protected not only the viability of the probiotic lactic acid bacteria but also their functional properties.

CS607 GDB 1 Solution and discussion

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GDB: Fall-2019 In machine-learning problem space can be represented through concept space, instance space version space and hypothesis space. These problem spaces used the conjunctive space and is very restrictive one and also in the above-mentioned representations of problem spaces, it is not sure that the true concept lies within conjunctive space. GDB Topic: Discuss the case if we have a bigger search space and want to overcome the restrictive nature of conjunctive space, then how can we represent our problem space. Secondly in a given scenario which algorithm is used for our problem space to represent the learning problem.

CS604 GDB 1 solution and discussion

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@zaasmi Mobile operating system like Android, ios, kindal, Bada, Black berry, Microsoft is an open mobile operating system with massive user/employee base and simplified mobile app development process. Enterprises are leveraging Android or etc and creating custom mobile apps that solves problems and increase value for their business. The mobile os is best for the organization because the every person have the smart phone, and the app is the Develop in low cost.

EDU302 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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@zaasmi Check out this link for more details

ECO404 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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Total Marks 5
Starting Date Wednesday, July 31, 2019
Closing Date Tuesday, August 06, 2019
Status Open
Question Title GDB
Question Description
The case:

Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) has started pre-Hajj operation from 4th July, 2019, and it will continue till fifth of the next month as per the decision of Minister for Aviation Ghulam Sarwar Khan in Islamabad. It was told by minister that PIA has planned a total of 294 flights for intending pilgrims. As per this plan suppose PIA is offering 10 flights per day from Lahore to Saudi Arabia. Due to the heavy rush of Hujaj Karam manager of PIA, with the approval of Minister for Aviation, has decided to add 11th flight per day in order to avoid any unavoidable circumstances. If minister of Aviation permits and it becomes possible then it would cost Rs.180, 000 per flight, or Rs.2000 per available seat and this decision is also helpful to increase revenue of the PIA.

Requirement:
Being a student of economics identify which type of cost is applied for this decision to add the hajj flight per day. Will that identified concept of cost be relevant for decision making purposes or not? Discuss.

BNK610 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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Total Marks 5
Starting Date Tuesday, July 30, 2019
Closing Date Monday, August 05, 2019
Status Open
Question Title GDB No. 01
Question Description
Discussion Question:

Graded Discussion Board

Asset side of an Islamic bank is financed through different modes of Islamic financing, which totally depends on the need of the customer. The credit department of Islamic bank must focus on the customer’s needs and requirements to offer a suitable financing facility.

Consider the following situation and discuss which mode is suitable as per given requirements.

A manufacturer needs money to meet the working capital requirement.
A farmer needs money to pay the operating expenses for growing the crops.
A flour mill owner needs funds to purchase the raw material (i.e. wheat).
An exporter having a bill in USD which is going to be matured after 2 months is in need of Rupees now.
You being the Credit Officer of an Islamic bank required to analyze the customer’s requirement and discuss which mode is suitable for the given situations.

Important Instructions:

Your discussion must be based on logical facts.
Use the font style “Times New Roman” and font size “12”.
Keep your discussion relevant as irrelevant answers will not be graded.
Do not copy or exchange your answer with other students. Two identical / copied comments will be marked Zero (0) and may damage your grade in the course.
Obnoxious or ignoble answer should be strictly avoided.
Questions/queries related to the content of the GDB, which may be posted by the students on MDB or via e-mail, will not be replied till the due date of GDB is over.
Ø For Detailed Instructions please see the GDB Announcement

ENG511 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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Total Marks 5
Starting Date Thursday, August 01, 2019
Closing Date Monday, August 05, 2019
Status Open
Question Title GDB-ENG511
Question Description
Graded Discussion Board for Psycholinguistics ENG511 will be opened from 01-08-2019 to 05-08-2019.

The topics for the GDB are:

Psycholinguistics is a branch of linguistics that also combines psychology. How and why?

OR

Adults and children have different ability to acquire their second language. Elaborate.

Write your own views about ANY ONE of the above given topics. Your comments should NOT exceed 150-200 words.

Read the following instructions carefully before posting your comments:

GDB carries 3% weightage in your final assessment.
Your comments should be clear, concise, and relevant to the topic.
Creative and original ideas written in correct English will be highly appreciated.
Any queries related to Graded Discussion Board (GDB) will not be entertained on the regular MDB.
For questions or queries related to the topic, you may send email to eng510@vu.edu.pk.
Do not send your comments via e-mail or regular MDB. The comments posted on the regular MDB will not be graded.
Do not post your comments twice.
No marks will be awarded for plagiarism.

All the best

ENG511

MCM101 GDB1 Solution and discussion

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Total Marks 5
Starting Date Friday, August 02, 2019
Closing Date Monday, August 05, 2019
Status Open
Question Title Effects of Radio on Society
Question Description
Radio proved more effective means of communication. It brought unique opportunity to educate, entertain, and stayed informed about any event of the masses. Due to its popularity F.M radio stations have been launched which provide listeners quality of information and educate them.

Task: Considering the importance and popularity of FM radio; discuss any FM radio content/program which educate and inform their listeners regarding health and common social life matters.

Name of FM radio station

Program Name

Message or content of program