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STA630 Final Term Past Solved Paper

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STA630 Mid Term Past Solved Paper

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STA630 GDB 1 Solution and Discussion

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Re: STA630 GDB 1 Solution and Discussion

Total Marks 10
Starting Date Thursday, June 04, 2020
Closing Date Wednesday, June 10, 2020
Status Open
Question Title GDB 1
Question Description

Scenario:

A large number of patients having Pneumonia like symptoms were reported in Wuhan, a capital city of China’s Hubei province in mid-December 2019. This Pneumonia like disease was declared an outbreak of a new virus and was reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) country office in China on 31 December 2019 and later it was officially named as COVID-19 by the WHO due to its novelty. The outbreak was declared a Public Health Emergency of international concern on 30 January 2020 (WHO) and declared as Pandemic and various precautionary measures were recommended by the WHO to all the countries of the world to slow the spread of the virus by keeping social distancing, washing hands, wearing masks, testing and treating patients, carrying out contact tracing, limiting travels, quarantining citizens, and canceling large gatherings such as weddings, sporting events, concerts, and closing of schools and universities. At one time, many of the countries placed complete lockdown in their most effected cities to halt the spread of this virus.

Since its emergence in Wuhan, China late last year, the virus has spread to almost every corner of the world. Cases are rising exponentially with an increased number of casualties. This coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has become the most crucial global health crisis of the last 100 years. It has posed the greatest challenge we have faced since world war two (WW-II). But COVID-19 is much more than a health crisis. By stressing every one of the countries it touches, it has the potential to create devastating social, economic, and political crises that will leave deep scars (UNDP).

For instance, social impacts may include an increase in crime rate, domestic violence, frustration, anxiety, depression, quarantine fatigue, and increased unemployment due to the outbreak of COVID-19.

Talking about political impacts, important national and international projects may have been either completely shut down or delayed, significant political figures are catching the virus, and some have died; besides, budget management failure is also another biggest issue. While, concerning the impact of this pandemic on economics, stock markets are crashed, many businesses have been shut down, supply shortages in the markets is a big issue due to delayed shipments, and so on.

Requirements:

You are advised to thoroughly read the above scenario about COVID-19.

Identify and enlist the independent and dependent variables from the social impacts of COVID-19 on the ordinary lives of human beings.
 Develop at least 2 hypotheses from the identified independent and dependent variables of the social impacts of COVID-19.

STA630 Quiz 1 Solution and Discussion

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STA630 GDB 1 Solution and Discussion

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STA630 Assignment 1 Solution and Discussion

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@zareen said in STA630 Assignment 1 Solution and Discussion: sampling and sampling technique Sampling is the process whereby some elements (individuals) in the population are selected for a research study. The population consists of all individuals with a particular characteristic that is of interest to the researchers. If data are obtained from all members of the population, then we have a census; if data are obtained from some members of the population, then we have a sample. With probability sampling, a researcher can specify the probability of an element’s (participant’s) being included in the sample. With non probability sampling, there is no way of estimating the probability of an element’s being included in a sample. Although often more difficult and expensive, probability sampling is a methodologically more precise method to obtain a sample that is representative of the population. With simple random sampling, each individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. The four steps of simple random sampling are (1) defining the population, (2) constructing a list of all members, (3) drawing the sample, and (4) contacting the members of the sample. Stratified random sampling is a form of probability sampling in which individuals are randomly selected from specified subgroups (strata) of the population. This method can be used to increase the representativeness of the sample and/or to allow comparisons to be made among individuals in the different strata. Convenience sampling is quick and inexpensive because it involves selecting individuals who are readily available at the time of the study (such as introductory psychology students). The disadvantage is that convenience samples are generally less representative than random samples; therefore, results should be interpreted with caution. Quota sampling involves the selection of a certain percentage of individuals from specified subgroups of the population when the population is large and lists of members are not available. Many polling organizations use this technique. Appropriate sample size depends on various considerations, including population variability, statistical issues, economic factors, and availability of participants. In general, with larger samples you will have a smaller margin of error and you can detect smaller differences. The larger the variability of scores in the population, the larger the sample must be in order to be representative. Sampling error includes systematic error and random error.Systematic error occurs when the sample is not properly drawn (an error of the researcher). Random error is the degree to which the sample is not perfectly representative of the population. Even with the best sampling techniques, some degree of random error is expected. Increasingly, we are exposed to information based on sample data. Understanding the principles of sampling, particularly the limitations of various methods, should make us more critical consumers of such information.